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Club Catch. To understand a language: to have command of a calculus. How does understanding a sentence accompany uttering or hearing it?. Is the meaning of a word shown in time? Like the actual degree of freedom in a mechanism? Is the meaning of a word only revealed in the course of time as its use develops?. Does a knowledge of grammatical rules accompany the expression of a. The rules of grammar - and the meaning of a word. Is meaning, when we understand it, grasped "all at once"? And unfolded, as it were, in the rules of grammar?.
Part V: The nature of language. Learning, explanation, of language. Can we use explanation to construct. What effect does a single explanation of language have, what effect. Can one use the word "red" to search for something red? Does one need an image, a memory-image, for this? Various searching-games. So that language remains self-contained, autonomous.
Language in our sense not defined as an instrument for a particular. Grammar is not a mechanism justified by its purpose.
Language functions as language only by virtue of the rules we follow in using it, just as a game is a game only by virtue of its rules. The functioning of a proposition explained with a language-game. Assertion, question, assumption, etc. Part VI: Thought. How does one think the proposition "p", how does one expect believe, wish that p will be the case? Mechanism of thinking. Is a mental image a portrait par excellence, and thus fundamentally different from, say, a painted picture, and not replaceable by one or by any such thing?
Is it a mental image that really represents a particular reality -. Is thinking a specifically organic process? A process specific to human. If so, can one replace it with an inorganic process that fulfills. Location of thinking. Thought and expression of thought. What is thought? What is its essence? The purpose of thinking. The reason for thinking. Part VII: Grammar. Grammar is not accountable to any reality.
The rules of grammar determine meaning constitute it , and therefore they are not answerable to any meaning and in this respect are arbitrary. Rule and empirical proposition. Does a rule say that words are actually used in such and such a way?. The strict grammatical rules of a game and the fluctuating use of language. Logic as normative. To what extent do we talk about ideal cases, an ideal.
Kinds of words are distinguished only by their grammar. Tell me what you do with a proposition, how you verify it, etc. If in copying I am guided by a model and thus know that I am now. If we "depict in accordance with a particular rule", is this rule contained in the process of copying depicting , and can it therefore be read out of it. Does the process of depicting embody this rule, as it were?.
How does one use a general rule of representation to justify the result of representation?. The process of copying on purpose, of copying with the intention to copy, is not essentially a psychological, inner process. A process of manipulating signs on a piece of paper can accomplish the same thing. How are our thoughts connected with the objects we think about? How do these objects enter our thoughts? Are they represented in our thoughts by something else - perhaps something similar?
The nature of a portrait; intention. Part IX: Logical inference. Do we know that p follows from q because we understand the propositions?. Is entailment implied by a sense?. The case of infinitely many propositions following from a single one.
Can an experience teach us that one proposition follows from another?. Part X: Generality. In a certain sense the proposition "The circle is in the square" is independent of the indication of a particular position in a certain sense it has nothing to do with it.
The proposition "The circle is in the square" not a disjunction of cases. The inadequacy of Frege's and Russell's notation for generality. Criticism of my earlier understanding of generality. Explanation of generality by examples. The law of the formation of a series. Part XI: Expectation. Expectation: the expression of expectation. Articulate and inarticulate expectation. What fulfillment brought: that was what was expected in expectation.
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